Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2025/iii/paper-327/1/a/solution

For a compact convex set , let
The Paley–Wiener–Schwartz theorem says that if is a compactly supported distribution with support in , its Fourier--Laplace transform
is entire and, for some ,
Conversely, every entire function satisfying such an estimate is the transform of a distribution supported in .
For the forward direction, compact support lets act on the exponential after insertion of a cutoff equal to one near . Differentiation in may be passed under the pairing, proving entire analyticity. The finite-order estimate for bounds derivatives of the exponential on by a polynomial in times .
Conversely, restrict the entire function to . Its polynomial growth defines a tempered distribution by inverse Fourier transform. If a test function is supported outside , separate its compact support from by a real vector . Shifting the Fourier inversion contour from to is allowed by entire analyticity. The exponential gained from the test function beats the bound as , so the pairing vanishes. Hence , completing the converse.

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