Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/undated/prelims/mathematics-iii-resit/6/c/i/solution

Let denote the red die. Conditional on , each white roll succeeds independently with probability . Consequently has the geometric distribution on and expected value . The law of total expectation gives
This is rolls; the averaging must be over conditional expected values, not over success probabilities before taking a reciprocal.

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