Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2012/paper-1/17/b/solution

For period , use the Fourier series convention
The Fourier coefficients have prefactor on . First, . For the useful antiderivatives are
At the endpoints and , so
Consequently, on ,
The Dirichlet-Jordan convergence theorem justifies equality at every point of continuity of the periodic extension. At odd integers the extension has a jump discontinuity between and , so the series converges to their average , regardless of any assigned endpoint value. This is the case of the Fourier series of a periodically extended exponential.

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