Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/paper-1/18/d/i/solution

An orthogonal matrix has orthonormal columns. The first column of has squared norm , so . Orthogonality of the two columns then gives , hence . The second column must have squared norm . Therefore
Both resulting matrices satisfy directly.

New to topics? Read the docs here!