Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-2-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2002/paper-2/5/solution

For a piecewise continuous function of exponential order on , its unilateral Laplace transform is
The Bromwich inversion formula, at a point of continuity, is
The Bromwich contour is a straight vertical line, traversed upwards, with to the right of the abscissa of convergence and hence of all singularities of the transform. Under the usual piecewise smoothness assumptions, at a jump the symmetric inversion limit gives the mean of the two one-sided values.
In the transform in the question, put . Then and
Thus the restricted Mellin transform on the unit interval is the Laplace transform of . Apply the Bromwich inversion formula with , where , to obtain
Here lies in the convergence half-plane of . At a discontinuity this formula has the same mean-value interpretation. The real natural logarithm defines unambiguously.

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