Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-2-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2006/paper-1/2/solution

Separation of variables in the wave equation with fixed endpoints selects and angular frequencies , . The time factors may be chosen as , . By Fourier sine series orthogonality, the initial data give
Hence . The factor in is required because differentiating the time sine supplies .
The given displacement is a symmetric triangular tent: it is zero at both endpoints and has height at . Integrating each linear half gives . Release from rest gives , so the midpoint-plucked fixed-end string is
Only odd modes occur, by symmetry about the midpoint. The initial slope corner makes this a finite-energy weak solution; it is a classical solution away from the propagating corner lines.
Figure 1.
Initial triangular pluck and later shapes of a fixed-end string
. Original normalized displacement and modal predictions. The initial tent reaches one at the midpoint; snapshots use time . The string passes through a straight configuration at and reverses its initial displacement at . Details.

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