Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-2-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2020/paper-1/4/d/solution

With , equate coefficients in
The constant term is , and the coefficient of is . Hence
For the coefficient of with , the first two positive derivative terms contribute , while the remaining analytic terms contribute . Thus
Iteration gives for . Using
the prescribed solution sums to
The ansatz starts its analytic series at , so it omits the freedom to add an arbitrary multiple of . The complete two-constant real solution on is therefore
The narrower ansatz in (c) is a convenient choice of the logarithmic solution, not the full general solution by itself.

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