Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mphil-in-micro-and-nanotechnology-enterprise-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2019/paper-1/section-b/12/ii/solution

For electrode area , the change in spontaneous polarization density supplies a charge scale , while the film's capacitance is . The voltage magnitude is therefore . More explicitly, for an initially compensated film with no change in free electrode charge, . Taking from the lower electrode to the upper one gives .
The measurable magnitude is , with polarity reversed by reversing the poling direction or the temperature change. This is an ideal open-circuit estimate: leakage, the measuring instrument's input capacitance and finite charge-relaxation time can reduce or reshape the observed voltage.

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