Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-non-commutative-rings-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2023/1/a/iii/solution
Past exam of the non-commutative rings course of the University of Oxford 2023 1 a iii Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-25
Let be any maximal left ideal. If , maximality gives , because the two-sided ideal is in particular a left ideal. Thus for some and . Butis a unit by hypothesis. A proper left ideal cannot contain a unit, since left multiplication by its inverse would put in the left ideal. This contradiction proves for every maximal left ideal , and thereforeTogether with ii, this is the ideal form of the unit criterion for the Jacobson radical.
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