Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-options-ii-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2007/p/p4/d/solution

The transpose has first radius , interior radii , and last radius . These discs are again disjoint and each has one eigenvalue. Intersecting with the previous enclosures therefore improves the last bound to
The identification with the same last eigenvalue is justified by separation from all the other integer-centred discs.

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