Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-topology-and-groups-and-algebraic-topology-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2009/a/3/solution

A lift of is a continuous map satisfying . The covering homotopy theorem says that a homotopy has a unique lift once a continuous lift of its initial map is prescribed. No additional local connectivity assumption on is needed for this homotopy-lifting statement.
To prove injectivity on fundamental groups, let a loop based at project to a based null-homotopic loop. Lift its null-homotopy, starting with . The two endpoint tracks lift constant paths at starting at , so remain at by uniqueness of path lifting. The final path lies in the discrete fibre over and starts at , so it is constant. Thus the lifted homotopy contracts relative its basepoint, proving
In the following constructions, take around the circle factor and around the projective-plane factor. Above each sheet point, the circle has one incoming and one outgoing lifted edge. A fixed sheet for carries an identity cover of ; a transposed pair of sheets is joined as the antipodal fibre of a sphere covering . These pieces give genuine covering neighbourhoods at the wedge point as well as away from it.

New to topics? Read the docs here!