Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-year-1-of-the-computer-science-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2023/discrete-mathematics-probability-and-continuous-mathematics/8/b/iii/solution

Set . The preceding probability generating function becomes , identifying
Equivalently, for , . Since , also . This is the existing geometric count under Bernoulli thinning, with the zero-based convention specified.

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