A pathologist studies and interprets changes in cells, tissues and organs associated with disease. In clinical work, this can involve examination of a biopsy, surgical specimen or body fluid alongside molecular and clinical information. Microscopic organization and molecular test results provide complementary evidence rather than interchangeable measurements. [ref]
Pathologist in the NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. Definition: diagnosis through examination of cells and tissues
For example, recognizing an abnormal tissue pattern answers a different question from identifying a particular genetic alteration in the same specimen. Relating both findings to the location and course of disease can refine a diagnosis. The role combines biological mechanism with careful control of specimen identity, sampling and interpretation.
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