Scalar-QED photon-tadpole symmetry factor
ID: scalar-qed-photon-tadpole-symmetry-factor
The two identical photon fields at a scalar electrodynamics seagull give a vertex multiplicity two. Joining them into one closed photon line gives Feynman-diagram symmetry factor . Directly expanding gives only one photon Wick contraction, independently checking the compensation. In a transverse gauge the remaining tensor trace is ; a massless photon tadpole is a scaleless integral in dimensional regularization.
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