A service requirement is the amount of work a job needs from a server. Queueing theory often measures that work in units of service time at full server capacity. Under this normalization, a job with service requirement needs units of uninterrupted full-capacity service; waiting before service contributes to queueing delay, not to .
If work is measured separately and a server supplies work units per second, a job requiring work units has full-capacity service time . Six work units at two units per second require three seconds of service. Under processor sharing, interruptions or partial capacity can increase elapsed completion time without increasing the original service requirement. With normalized allocated capacity , completion occurs once reaches . A residual service time describes the unserved portion, rather than a fresh draw of the original service requirement.
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