Source-saddle pair in a quadratic planar system
ID: source-saddle-pair-in-a-quadratic-planar-system
The nullclines meet at the origin and . At the origin, the Jacobian matrix has trace three, determinant and discriminant , giving an unstable node. At , its determinant is , giving a saddle equilibrium. The horizontal component is positive below the parabolic nullcline and negative above it; the vertical component is positive above the straight nullcline and negative below it. These signs determine the directional regions of the phase portrait.
The quadrant is not positively invariant: nonzero points on either axis have an outward-pointing component. Restricting a drawing to that quadrant does not keep its trajectories there. For , only the saddle at the origin remains in the quadrant, and an exponential Dulac multiplier for a quadratic planar system excludes nonconstant periodic orbits there.
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