For , with , take the positive Dulac function in the title. More generally, gives
The equal coefficients in the exponential cancel the term. Setting also cancels the linear term, leaving . The Bendixson-Dulac theorem excludes periodic orbits in the open positive quadrant. The axes are not invariant: the vector field points out of the quadrant at every nonzero axis point. A closed orbit staying in the nonnegative quadrant therefore cannot touch an axis, and cannot pass through the equilibrium at the origin by uniqueness. This extends the exclusion to the closed quadrant. Choosing an exponential multiplier turns a differential search for a useful Dulac function into cancellation of polynomial coefficients.

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