Supremum of two incommensurate harmonic modes
ID: supremum-of-two-incommensurate-harmonic-modes
For with irrational frequency ratio and nonzero amplitudes, . The phase trajectory is dense on the two-torus, so this bound is a supremum. The required exact phase alignment may never occur at finite time. Thus an exam's maximum-amplitude estimate can be a limiting bound rather than an attained displacement; finite observation intervals have smaller maxima.
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