 Tension-dependent wrapping phase diagram

For positive membrane tension, the bound-cap energy is convex in indentation. Its constrained minimum is the unconstrained value $(\bar{w}-2)/\bar{\sigma }$ clipped to $[0,2]$. No wrapping occurs at $\bar{w}\le 2$, partial wrapping at $2<\bar{w}<2+2\bar{\sigma }$, and full wrapping at $\bar{w}\ge 2+2\bar{\sigma }$. At zero tension the expression is linear, with all indentations degenerate at $\bar{w}=2$. These phase boundaries belong to the specified cap model and can move when free-membrane and neck energies are included.