Upward unit normal to an upper circular cone

ID: upward-unit-normal-to-an-upper-circular-cone

On with , the gradient of the defining function gives a normal proportional to . Its Euclidean norm is , proving the displayed normalization. This upward normal lies on the boundary of the Lorentz cone, so self-duality of a second-order cone makes its pairing with every point of the closed upper cone nonnegative.

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