Zero-liquid-flux surfactant film

ID: zero-liquid-flux-surfactant-film

In the same gravity–Marangoni reduction, zero liquid flux gives and . The lower part of the liquid flows backwards while the surface and upper third flow forwards. For zero initial height and concentration drop , is largest formally at complete depletion. Since surface velocity is , that endpoint is singular and requires physical regularization by diffusion, capillarity or an edge model. The algebraic maximum is not by itself a regular zero-concentration outflow.

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