Grover's algorithm

Grover search rotates a uniform state toward a marked subspace and finds one of $M$ marked entries using order $\sqrt{N/M}$ oracle calls.

Grover's algorithm is a quantum algorithm developed by Lov Grover in 1996. It provides a way to search an unsorted database or an unordered list of \( N \) items in \( O(\sqrt{N}) \) time, which is a significant speedup compared to classical algorithms that require \( O(N) \) time in the worst case. The basic idea of Grover's algorithm is to use quantum superposition and interference to efficiently find a specific item from the database.