At , compute the complex derivative first along real increments and then along imaginary increments. Holomorphy gives
Equating real and imaginary parts proves the Cauchy-Riemann equations:
The partial derivatives exist because these directional difference quotients are limits of the holomorphic derivative. This argument proves the necessary equations; it does not claim that their pointwise existence alone is sufficient for holomorphy.
Take and the constant contraction mapping . For , ,
No Lipschitz constant less than one can work, so need not be a contraction. More generally, differing only in the second input coordinate already prevents a strict contraction whenever has two points.
If has contraction constant , two iterations give
and consequently
Thus is a contraction mapping. The swap lift of a contraction shows why an iterate can contract even when one step does not.
For coordinate differences , the elementary inequalities
give
The identity map between the two versions of the square is bijective, and both it and its inverse are Lipschitz continuous maps by these inequalities. It is therefore a homeomorphism. In fact the same comparison works on all of ; restriction to the square causes no difficulty.

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