Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2022 ii Paper 2 19H Solution Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-25
Irreducible degrees divide the order of a finite -group and satisfyThe number of linear characters is . For a nontrivial finite -group this is at least unless the group is abelian, and every nonlinear degree is at least . A degree constituent is therefore impossible in the nonabelian case. If there are linear and degree-two characters, thenThus the only degree collections arewith respectively .
For , take , where
and
. On the five classesthe four linear characters of , indexed by
, and its degree-two character areThe ten classes of are and . Its full table consists ofwhere runs over the above five rows and
runs over the two characters of . This explicitly gives eight linear and two degree-two rows.
and
. On the five classesthe four linear characters of , indexed by
, and its degree-two character areThe ten classes of are and . Its full table consists ofwhere runs over the above five rows and
runs over the two characters of . This explicitly gives eight linear and two degree-two rows.
For , take the dihedral groupOrder its seven classes asThe four linear rows areThe three degree-two rows, for , areThe row norms and mutual inner products, weighted by the displayed class sizes, verify irreducibility and completeness.
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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2022 ii Paper 2 13E Solution Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-25
Substitution ofand integration by parts giveThus takeand require the endpoint term to vanish. Infinite contour ends must lie in sectors where , namely sectors centred on the positive and negative real and imaginary axes, each of angular width .
Let the common final segment be the positive real ray from to , and choose the initial rays from , , and to . Call the resulting contours . PutSince , for the three rows areConsequentlyUsing the Gamma function reflection identity,The initial-data vectors are therefore linearly independent, so the three contour integrals are linearly independent solutions.
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