Andrew Yao Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
With Danny Dolev, he developed formal models for the security of cryptographic protocols using public-key cryptography. Their Dolev-Yao model makes an active adversary's possible manipulations explicit while treating the underlying encryption and decryption symbolically. The resulting distinction is useful: a protocol can fail through its pattern of messages even if its encryption primitives behave as intended.[ref]