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For a coalgebra $C$ and a unital associative algebra over a commutative ring $A$, maps $f,g:C\to A$ have convolution $f\ast g=m_A(f\otimes g){\Delta }_C$, with unit $j_A{\epsilon }_C$. The two-sided convolution inverse of $1_H$ is the antipode.

The full ${\mathrm{Hom}}_k(M,N)$ carries the action $(hf)(u)=\sum h_{(1)}f(S(h_{(2)})u)$, making it the internal hom right adjoint to $-\otimes M$. No finite-dimensionality or inverse antipode is needed.

We use the left internal-hom convention in which $[M,N]$ is right adjoint to $-{\otimes }_{k}M$, so its evaluation morphism has domain $[M,N]{\otimes }_{k}M$. For a Hopf algebra over the commutative ring $k$, take the full $k$-moduleand give it the internal hom for modules over a Hopf algebraThe antipode is an antihomomorphism, $S(hg)=S(g)S(h)$, soThe unit acts identically. Thus this is a left $H$-module.

The evaluation morphism is $H$-linear. Using the diagonal bialgebra action and the antipode identity,Now let $q:L{\otimes }_{k}M\to N$ be $H$-linear and define its ordinary curried map $\hat{q}(\ell )(u)=q(\ell \otimes u)$. To see that it too is $H$-linear, computeConversely, any $H$-linear map $L\to [M,N]$ uncurries to an $H$-linear map by the already established linearity of evaluation. The ordinary tensor–hom adjunction therefore restricts to a natural bijectionPostcomposition by an $H$-linear map makes $[M,-]$ a functor. This proves that the category of left $H$-modules is a left closed monoidal category. All modules are allowed; no inverse antipode or finite-dimensional dual is required. Stating the tensor–hom convention explicitly avoids confusing this construction with the closure on the opposite side.

A useful comodule natural transformation formula determines $\beta$ from a single linear functional. Defineusing the regular right comodule $H$. For any vector space $V$, the cofree right comodule $V\otimes H$ has coaction $1_V\otimes \Delta$. Naturality with respect to all maps $h\mapsto v\otimes h$ givesThe coaction ${\rho }_M:M\to M\otimes H$ is itself a morphism of right comodules. Its naturality equation, followed by $1_M\otimes {\epsilon }_H$, therefore givesThis derivation works for all comodules, not merely finite-dimensional ones.

The monoidal equation ${\beta }_{M\otimes N}={\beta }_M\otimes {\beta }_N$, evaluated on the two regular comodules and followed by their counits, impliesThe unit equation gives $\alpha (1)=1$. Thus $\alpha$ is a unital algebra homomorphism over a field $H\to k$. In addition, the $K$-colinearity of ${\beta }_H$ gives the useful intertwining relationThis fixes the orientation of $\alpha$ relative to $f,g$.

For the convolution product for coalgebra maps, define ${\alpha }^{-1}=\alpha S$. Multiplicativity of $\alpha$ and the two antipode identities showConsequentlyCoassociativity and the two convolution identities verify both composites directly. Since ${\beta }_M$ was a $K$-comodule morphism, its linear inverse is also a $K$-comodule morphism. Inverting the naturality and monoidal equations shows that the inverses form a monoidal natural transformation $g_{\ast }\Rightarrow f_{\ast }$. Every such monoidal transformation is therefore invertible, without requiring a bijective antipode.