Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2012 iii Paper 34 4 a Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-07
The stochastic exponential of isItô's formula gives , so it is a positive continuous local martingale starting from one. For ,Every nonnegative local martingale is a supermartingale. Hence, under ,The bound applies also to stopped versions. Localize the exponential to true martingales. Their uniform bound permits passage to the limit, proving that the unstopped exponential is a true martingale of mean one. The same bound makes its entire time-indexed family uniformly integrable. This proves the bounded-bracket criterion for a stochastic exponential, without needing an additional exponential-moment assumption.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2016 iii Paper 202 2 c Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
The Novikov condition holds on every horizon, sinceTherefore is a true martingale and the Girsanov theorem applies through each finite .
The deterministic bound also gives a genuine infinite-horizon density. For any , the stochastic exponential identity isA nonnegative local martingale is a supermartingale, soThis bound gives uniform integrability. Also is a L2-bounded continuous martingale, since localization and the Itô isometry give . The L2 martingale convergence theorem gives a finite limit ; hence and . Weighting by defines an equivalent probability measure on . This is the bounded-bracket criterion for a stochastic exponential.