Cb-embedded subset 2026-10-31
A subset is Cb-embedded if every bounded continuous real-valued function on it extends to a bounded continuous real-valued function on the ambient space. A bounded extension can be clipped to preserve the original bound. This is weaker than C-embeddedness: the natural numbers in their Stone-Čech compactification have the bounded extension property, but their unbounded identity function cannot extend to a compact space.
C-embedded subset 2026-10-31
A subset is C-embedded if every continuous real-valued function on its subspace topology extends continuously to . Closed subsets of normal spaces have this property by the Tietze extension theorem. The condition also makes sense for nonclosed subsets.
A C-embedded subset is one when every continuous real-valued function on extends continuously to . It is a Cb-embedded subset when this is required for every bounded continuous real-valued function, with a bounded extension. These definitions concern the subspace topology on .
Here is the bounded Tietze extension construction from Urysohn's lemma. Let be continuous with . The case has the zero extension. For , the sets and are disjoint and closed in , since is closed. Urysohn's lemma gives a continuous taking the endpoint values on . On ,Indeed on or this follows from the prescribed endpoint; on their complement both and are at most .
Repeat on the residual. With , choose continuous satisfying and reducing the residual on to at most . The series converges uniformly by the geometric majorant. Its sum is continuous, has , and restricts to , since the residual tends uniformly to zero. Thus every bounded continuous function extends, with its bound preserved, proving -embeddedness without assuming the extension theorem being proved.