Arrangement of circles in a plane without interior overlap. The covered area fraction is its packing fraction. Equal-radius square packing has fraction .
Place equal numbers of radii on alternating sites of a square nearest-neighbour lattice of spacing . Nonoverlap requires . A two-circle cell has area , giving the displayed packing fraction. Its maximum within this geometry occurs at large-to-small radius ratio and is ; smaller interstitial circles leave unused space, while larger ones force the large-circle lattice apart.
Articles by others on the same topic
Circle packing is a mathematical concept that involves arranging circles within a given space, such that no two circles overlap and the arrangement satisfies certain criteria. The study of circle packing includes investigating how many circles of a given size can fit into a larger circle or how circles of different sizes can be arranged optimally.