Cn Dynkin diagrams ($C_n,C_n^{(1)}$)

For $n\ge 2$, the finite Dynkin diagram has a chain of short roots ${\alpha }_1,\dots ,{\alpha }_{n-1}$ with single bonds, followed by a double bond to the long root ${\alpha }_n$, pointing toward ${\alpha }_{n-1}$. The Extended Dynkin diagram adds the long root ${\alpha }_0=-2{\epsilon }_1$, doubly bonded to ${\alpha }_1$ with arrow toward ${\alpha }_1$. All other bonds remain. For $n=1$, the finite diagram is a single vertex; the affine diagram has two equal-length vertices joined by a double bond without an arrow, with Cartan matrix $\left(\begin{array}{cc}2& -2\\ -2& 2\end{array}\right)$.