Relative stability of perceived surface color across changes in illumination or viewing conditions. The measured degree depends on task, adaptation and available cues. Perfect physical recovery is impossible in unrestricted scenes because illumination and reflectance can be nonunique.
In a diffuse spectral model , choose any positive for which remains an admissible reflectance. Then and preserve exactly. Thus outgoing spectral information alone does not uniquely identify reflectance and illumination; three-channel receptor sampling introduces further ambiguity.
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Color constancy is a feature of the visual system that ensures the perceived color of an object remains relatively constant under varying lighting conditions. This means that even if the illumination changes (due to different light sources or times of day), the color of the object appears to the observer as the same. The brain processes the colors we see by taking into account the color of the light illuminating the objects, allowing us to perceive the colors of those objects more consistently.