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Completeness of the Fourier sine basis

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics Area of mathematics Analysis Fourier series Fourier sine series Fourier sine basis
2026-10-25  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
The normalized functions 2/L​sin(nπx/L), n≥1, have completeness of an orthonormal system in L2 space on (0,L). If a function is orthogonal to every sine, extend it oddly to (−L,L). All its Fourier coefficients vanish: the cosine and constant ones by oddness, and the sine ones by assumption. Completeness of the Fourier basis makes the extension zero almost everywhere. This proves the required dense-span property.

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  • Past exam of the year 2 of the earth sciences (geology) course of the University of Oxford / 2025 / Paper 3 / 8 / f / Solution

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