Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2005 ib Paper 2 1C Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-14
Direct matrix multiplication gives the multiplication tableTogether with acting as the identity, this shows that the product of any two real linear combinations is again a real linear combination. Thus is closed under multiplication. It is the complex matrix representation of quaternions.
Its general element has the formIf this matrix is zero, real and imaginary parts of its first row give . Hence are linearly independent over and form a basis:Put . Since distinct imaginary units anticommute, the mixed terms in cancel, leaving . Scalars commute with , soThe reversed product is the same. The coefficient is strictly positive for every nonzero element. ConsequentlyThis also identifies as a real noncommutative division algebra, not as the full algebra of complex two-by-two matrices.