Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2006 iii Paper 32 6 b iii Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
For , write , , and . The count-weighted Laplace functional of a Poisson random measure and the Poisson distribution giveTo compute the other numerator, on the inside contribution to vanishes. The restrictions of the Poisson random measure to the ball and its complement are independent; this follows first for their simple-function integrals from independent counts, then by approximation. HenceSubtract from and divide by to findContinuity of at zero givesAlso as . Applying these facts to the two exact expressions proves the small-ball conditioning for a Poisson random measure:One can also see equality of the limits without the exact first formula: since , the difference of the two quantities lies between zero and . The conditioning is used only at positive , where its event has positive probability; it is not conditioning directly on a point at the origin.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2006 iii Paper 32 6 b ii Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
First derive the Laplace functional of a Poisson random measure. For a simple nonnegative on disjoint finite-intensity sets, independent Poisson random variables giveIncreasing simple approximations, monotone convergence for the integrals, and bounded convergence theorem for the random exponentials prove the same identity for every nonnegative measurable .
Here the intensity is Lebesgue measure. Put andThe integral is finite because has compact support. Apply the Laplace functional of a Poisson random measure to , :Differentiate from the right at . The difference quotient on the random side is dominated by , which is integrable with mean ; the intensity integral is over a finite-volume ball. We obtain the count-weighted Laplace functional of a Poisson random measure:At , the ball is empty and both sides are zero.
For a Poisson random measure on with Lebesgue measure intensity and a nonnegative compactly supported continuous function , put and . Continuity gives . With , the count-weighted Laplace functional of a Poisson random measure and independent inside/outside counts give respectivelyBoth converge to the displayed value. The conditioning is meaningful for every ; it is not conditioning on a positive-probability point at the origin.