Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2016 iii Paper 204 3 d Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
Work on the common probability space from part (c). For a configuration of all the uniforms, the set is an upper interval, possibly with or without its lower endpoint. It is nonempty because occurs, and the coupled onset parameter for origin percolation is . For ,Indeed, occurrence at some implies . Conversely, if , the definition of infimum yields occurrence at some , and a rational between and also satisfies . This also proves measurability of through its strict sublevel sets.
Choose a rational sequence increasing to . By continuity from below of a measure and the monotone coupling of Bernoulli percolation,Moreover, . Hence is the disjoint union of and , givingIt is important to retain the intersection with : occurrence at the infimum is not automatic. At there is no left limit within the parameter domain, so the displayed left-limit assertion is for .
Independent site percolation and bond percolation on the cubic lattice have continuous percolation probability on . Fix and an intermediate . By uniqueness of the infinite percolation cluster, every origin in the infinite -cluster has a finite -open graph path to the infinite -cluster. In the uniform-label monotone coupling of Bernoulli percolation, the finitely many labels on this graph path are strictly below fixed almost surely, so it persists at some parameter below . The coupled onset parameter for origin percolation has no attained atom there, giving left continuity, including at . Combine this with right continuity of percolation probability.