For , , the potential is . A finite zero-energy vacuum requires and . With , such a solution exists exactly when : the magnitude equation is , , whose maximum occurs at . At that vacuum but . Both components of are flat, while is quartically lifted. If no root exists, the positive potential falls toward zero as and has no finite minimum. If , the family is supersymmetric instead.
For the cubic-matter no-scale vacuum with an exponential dilaton, put and . At , zero energy requires . On a fixed-imaginary-part slice, gives . At the double root , the first derivative vanishes but the second is , so . Therefore begins at fourth order. This real scalar has zero quadratic mass but is not an exact flat direction of a scalar potential. The imaginary part of is still lifted quadratically, and the matter field also has a quartic leading potential. Exact flat directions instead come from the complex volume modulus along the zero-energy locus.
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