Dark-matter indirect detection searches for ordinary particles or radiation produced by hypothetical dark-matter annihilation or decay. Candidate signals include gamma rays, neutrinos and charged cosmic rays.
An annihilation rate is typically proportional to the square of dark-matter density, while a decay rate is proportional to density. Predicted signals therefore depend on both particle properties and the distribution of dark matter along the line of sight. Astrophysical sources can produce similar radiation, so a spectral excess alone is not a unique identification. Consistent spatial, spectral and multi-messenger evidence is needed to distinguish a proposed signal from backgrounds.
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