Bootstrap sample Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-18
A bootstrap sample of size is drawn by sampling with replacement from the observed data slots. Some observations occur repeatedly. For a given slot, every draw misses it with probability , so its omission probability after independent draws isBy linearity of expectation, the expected number of omitted slots is , whether or not their omission events are independent. For the three-observation exact bootstrap distribution for three observations, an individual slot is omitted with probability and the expected number of omitted slots is . This finite-sample calculation explains both repeated values and incomplete coverage; is a limiting expected proportion, not an exact fraction in every resample.