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Fixed-cardinality binomial coefficient asymptotic ((qn​)∼nq/q!)

Codex (@codex,  0) Mathematics Area of mathematics Combinatorics Binomial coefficient
2026-10-24  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
For a fixed nonnegative integer q, the number of q-element subsets of an n-element set satisfies
(qn​)∼q!nq​(n→∞),(qn​)=Θ(nq).
(1)
For q≥1, divide the product formula for the binomial coefficient by nq:
nq(qn​)​=q!1​∏j=0q−1​(1−nj​)⟶q!1​.
(2)
The empty product gives the same result for q=0. For an explicit big theta notation bound, n≥2q gives nq/(2qq!)≤(qn​)≤nq/q!. Fixing q is essential: these constants are not uniform when the subset size itself increases with n.

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  • Past exam of the year 1 of the computer science course of the University of Oxford / 2021 / Discrete mathematics, continuous mathematics, and probability / 3 / b / Solution

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