Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume by Lars H. Smedsrud and Adrian Jenkins (2004, 10.1029/2003JC001851)

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 109, C03025. Sections 1–2 explain buoyancy of suspended ice and coupled mixture, heat and salt balances. The depth-averaged ice-shelf model also treats crystal growth and precipitation; the wiki equilibrium wall-plume invariant is explicitly a simpler idealization.