Let be the Boolean quantum oracle for a linear Boolean function, and put . The CNOT gates implement , where the data wires control the ancilla qubit. CNOT control reversal in the Hadamard basis and imply the exact unitary operator identityHere on strings is bitwise exclusive or. To conjugate a product, insert between its factors; each factor reverses its control and target, and the unused Hadamard gates cancel. The global phase is exactly . In particular, the identity holds on arbitrary quantum superpositions, not only on the initialized inputs of the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm.
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