Write a point of the band as with , , after rescaling the radius of the first three coordinates. The antipodal identification is
The homotopy is equivariant under this identification, so it descends to a deformation retraction of onto the central slice
Thus
The two boundary spheres of are exchanged by the antipodal map, so . This is the mapping-cylinder model of punctured real projective three-space.
The standard cellular chain complex for , with one cell in each dimension zero through three, has boundary maps alternating between multiplication by two and zero:
Therefore the integral homology of real projective three-space is
In particular,
Apply the Mayer–Vietoris theorem to
The relevant pieces of the long exact sequence are
and
The last map is injective, so
Since is simply connected and , the Seifert-van Kampen theorem gives
the infinite dihedral group. Topologically, is the double of punctured real projective three-space, namely .
The universal cover of each copy of is with two disjoint open balls removed, homeomorphic to . The universal cover of the double strings infinitely many such cylinders together according to the Cayley line of . Hence the familiar covering space is