Jacobi sum of finite-field characters ($J(\chi ,\eta )={\sum }_x\chi (x)\eta (1-x)$)

When $\chi ,\eta ,\chi \eta$ are nontrivial, changing variables in a product of Gauss sums of finite-field characters gives $G(\chi )G(\eta )=J(\chi ,\eta )G(\chi \eta )$, hence $|J|=\sqrt{q}$. If at least one character is nontrivial and their product is trivial, or the other character is trivial, the absolute value is one. Thus all non-main terms in a two-character cyclotomic intersection count are $O(\sqrt{q})$.