Juha P. Kokko investigated the segment-specific transport properties of the nephron. His experiments with isolated rabbit renal tubules examined how movement of sodium chloride and water contributes to the concentrating function of the kidney.[ref]
Sodium chloride and water transport in the descending limb of Henle by Juha P. Kokko. Byline and Abstract: isolated descending-limb experiments
In a 1970 study of the thin descending limb, raising the osmolality of the surrounding bath drew water out of the tubule. Concentration of the remaining fluid occurred mainly through water loss rather than substantial entry of sodium chloride. The preparation showed relatively high water permeability and low sodium permeability under the tested conditions.[ref]
Sodium chloride and water transport in the descending limb of Henle by Juha P. Kokko. Abstract: hyperosmotic bath, measured permeability and water-efflux interpretation
A later study with Antonino S. Rocha demonstrated a different combination in the thick ascending limb: salt removal with very little net water movement. Comparing the two segments makes their complementary functions clearer than describing the entire Loop of Henle as having one permeability.[ref]
For example, concentrating a solution by removing water and diluting it by removing sodium chloride are different operations. Distinct neighboring segments can perform these operations within the same nephron.
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