For , , and , the Adjoint representation matrices give the displayed Killing form. Cross traces vanish. Nonzero make it nondegenerate and hence the algebra semisimple. If the three constants have the same sign it is negative-definite; mixed signs give signature . In particular is the compact case, whereas is the split real traceless two-by-two algebra. This gives a direct compactness criterion from the Killing form in a small explicit example.
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