Nim-sum 2026-10-20
The bitwise exclusive or of a list of nonnegative integers. For heap sizes in ordinary Nim, a zero nim-sum characterizes a losing position under the normal-play convention.
Normal-play convention 2026-10-20
The convention that a player unable to move loses. In a finite impartial game without draws, a position is winning exactly when it has a move to a losing position.