The lightest supersymmetric particle is the least massive sparticle in a given spectrum. Exact R-parity makes it stable: a lighter final state cannot contain another odd particle, while a final state of ordinary particles is even. A neutral weakly interacting lightest supersymmetric particle is a possible dark matter constituent, but its cosmological abundance must be computed separately.
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The lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is a concept from supersymmetry (SUSY), a theoretical framework in particle physics that extends the Standard Model. In SUSY, every Standard Model particle has a superpartner with differing spin characteristics.