Regulation of cognition using information about one's own processing: allocating further study, seeking information, answering or declining a test. A change in a monitoring report does not by itself demonstrate a beneficial change in control.
An action permitting a subject to decline a difficult test, seek information or select an explicit uncertainty option. Reward, delay and task contingencies influence the action; an uncertainty response is an operational behaviour rather than a direct observation of subjective awareness.
Under linear expected utility, let a correct answer yield , an error yield , and declining yield , with . Answering has expected payoff , so it is preferred exactly when . Equality gives indifference. Different utility, time costs or beliefs change this criterion; behaviour across differently rewarded tasks cannot be compared as if the threshold were fixed.
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