Metamemory

Metacognitive monitoring and metacognitive control applied to memory encoding, memory retention and memory retrieval. Different judgments predict different outcomes; a prediction of future recall need not agree with confidence in an answer currently retrieved.

A theory in which metamemory judgments infer likely performance from available cues, rather than necessarily inspecting a memory trace directly. Cue use and cue validity need not coincide.^[ref]

An aspect of the learner's current processing experience, such as retrieval ease, used in judging memory.

A property of the learning conditions, such as study time or repetitions, used in judging memory.

A property of the material, such as the difficulty or relatedness of paired words, used in judging memory.

An estimate that currently unrecalled information could be recognized or recovered later. It differs from confidence in an answer already produced and from a prediction made while initially studying it.

A prediction, made during or after study, of whether material will be remembered on a later test. Specify the delay, the test and whether the target remains visible; these determine what information the learner can use.

Improved itemwise predictive accuracy of judgments of learning made after a delay under suitable conditions. The available cue matters: delaying a cue-alone judgment can be useful even when delaying a cue–target judgment gives little benefit.^[ref]