Past exam of the complex analysis: conformal maps and geometry course of the University of Oxford / 2023 / 3 / b / i

For $0<|z|<R$, set $w=R^2/\bar{z}$, which lies outside the closed disk. On $|\zeta |=R$, direct algebra gives the Poisson kernel identityUsing $d\theta =d\zeta /(i\zeta )$, the proposed Poisson formula for a holomorphic function becomesThe first term is $f(z)$ by the Cauchy integral formula; the second vanishes by the Cauchy integral theorem, since its pole lies outside the disk. At $z=0$ the kernel is one, and the same identity is the mean value property for holomorphic functions. Therefore